India aims to become a leading powerhouse in green hydrogen production by the next decade as part of a broader industrial strategy to achieve a $5 trillion GDP economy by 2028. Hence, India must develop new approaches to produce vast amounts of green energy at affordable prices to support its economic development, growing population, and carbon reduction targets. To accelerate the development and deployment of hydrogen value chains, the Indian Government must design appropriate incentives to drive adoption while supporting workforce development.
This report “India – The New Global Green Hydrogen Powerhouse?” prepared by the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School demonstrates how land availability, water scarcity, and infrastructure challenges could limit India’s ability to become a green hydrogen export champion. These factors would require India to produce hydrogen in less densely populated areas and efficiently transport it to demand or export centres. However, these regions also face higher infrastructure gaps. Successfully tackling these hurdles while establishing a business-friendly regulatory framework – to mobilise the necessary private investments – would allow India to corner new green hydrogen markets connecting the Middle East, Europe, and other key countries in the Global South.
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