By Gautam Mohanka, Director, Gautam Solar Private Limited
In recent years, the solar manufacturing landscape in India has evolved significantly, with capacity expansion across modules, cells and key components. Policy interventions such as the production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme have catalysed investments in high-efficiency module manufacturing and have encouraged the development of integrated facilities. These measures have strengthened industry confidence and accelerated the pace of capacity addition across the country.
At the same time, Indian manufacturers are rapidly adopting advanced technologies such as TOPCon and G12 R to enhance efficiency, performance and reliability. This technological progression is enabling domestic players to align with global standards and cater to the increasing demand for high quality solar solutions. A parallel trend that is gaining momentum is backward integration, with companies investing in upstream capabilities such as solar cells, ingots and wafers. This shift reflects a strategic intent to reduce import dependence and build a more resilient supply chain.
The role of policy support in this transformation cannot be overstated. Measures such as the basic customs duty on imported solar cells and modules, along with the Approved List of Models and Manufacturers, have provided a protective framework for domestic manufacturers. Combined with the PLI scheme, these initiatives have created a level playing field, enabling Indian companies to compete more effectively with global counterparts, while fostering the development of a broader manufacturing ecosystem.
Simultaneously, demand-side initiatives – including rooftop solar programmes, solar parks and grid infrastructure development – are ensuring consistent market growth. This alignment between supply-side incentives and demand generation is critical in sustaining long-term investments and strengthening the overall industry outlook.
While the progress achieved so far is highly encouraging, certain challenges remain. Dependence on imports for critical raw materials such as solar cells, polysilicon and wafers continues to be an area that requires focused attention. However, this challenge also presents a significant opportunity to further deepen domestic capabilities through strategic investments and partnerships.
Access to competitive financing is another important consideration. Given the capital-intensive nature of solar manufacturing, ensuring the availability of affordable and long-term financing solutions will be essential for scaling up operations and maintaining global competitiveness. Encouragingly, there is growing recognition of this need and continued efforts in this direction are likely to yield positive outcomes.
Infrastructure and logistics are steadily improving, followed by further enhancements, which will play a key role in supporting large-scale manufacturing growth. Reliable power supply, efficient transportation networks and streamlined regulatory processes are all critical factors that can significantly improve operational efficiency and reduce costs.
As the industry continues to evolve, the importance of a skilled workforce is becoming increasingly evident. The transition towards advanced manufacturing technologies requires a workforce that is equipped with the necessary technical expertise. Focused investments in skill development and industry-aligned training programmes will ensure that India’s talent pool remains competitive and future-ready.
With ambitious renewable energy targets and sustained policy support, domestic demand is expected to remain robust in the coming years. At the same time, global supply chain diversification is creating new opportunities for India to establish itself as a reliable manufacturing destination. With its expanding capabilities, competitive cost structures and growing emphasis on quality, India is well positioned to strengthen its presence in international markets.
Meanwhile, innovation will be a defining factor in the next phase of growth. Continued investments in research and development, collaboration with global technology partners and strong focus on quality and reliability will enable Indian manufacturers to move up the value chain and establish a differentiated global identity.
With sustained policy support, industry collaboration and a commitment to innovation, India is geared up to meet its energy needs, while contributing meaningfully to the global clean energy transition. The road ahead is both dynamic and full of opportunity, and India’s solar manufacturing sector is set to play a central role in powering a sustainable and self-reliant future.
